{"id":10770,"date":"2016-04-30T15:09:58","date_gmt":"2016-04-30T14:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shekulliagency.com\/?p=10770"},"modified":"2016-04-30T15:09:58","modified_gmt":"2016-04-30T14:09:58","slug":"a-po-i-dhemb-koka-rendit-te-ri-global","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/?p=10770","title":{"rendered":"A po i dhemb koka rendit t\u00eb ri global?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Enklid-PELARI\"<\/a>Nga. Enklid PELARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pak dit\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, presidenti i Turqis\u00eb b\u00ebri nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb, e cila, megjith\u00ebse kaloi me konsiderata normaliste, po t\u00eb ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb jo m\u00eb pak se 10 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb do ishte k\u00ebmban\u00eb alarmi p\u00ebr mediat globale. P\u00ebrpara student\u00ebve t\u00eb nj\u00eb universiteti t\u00eb Stambollit, ai tha se rendit global po i dhemb koka. Por sa gjasa ka q\u00eb rendi global t\u00eb ket\u00eb filluar tat\u00ebpjet\u00ebn?<\/p>\n

A \u00ebsht\u00eb bota arabe fillimi dhe fundi i nj\u00eb rendi global?\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb panoram\u00eb historike<\/strong><\/p>\n

a. Dokumenti Campbell<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb epok\u00ebn moderne gjith\u00e7ka nis me konferenc\u00ebn e mbajtur n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr m\u00eb 1905-1907. Kjo konferenc\u00eb u organizua me k\u00ebrkes\u00eb t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb t\u00eb partis\u00eb konservatore angleze. Q\u00ebllimi i saj ishte gjetja e mjeteve p\u00ebr ruajtjen e supremacis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb interesave kolonializuese n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb. Shtetet q\u00eb mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb ishin: Anglia, Franca, Holanda, Belgjika, Spanja, Italia, etj. Konferenca doli n\u00eb fund me nj\u00eb dokument sekret, t\u00eb ashtuquajtur \u201cDokumenti Campbell\u201d. K\u00ebt\u00eb em\u00ebr e mori prej kryeministrit anglez t\u00eb asaj periudhe, Henry Campbell-Bannerman. N\u00eb fund, pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebto konkluzione: \u201cDeti Mesdhe \u00ebsht\u00eb arterie jetike p\u00ebr pushtuesit, pasi ai konsiderohet si nj\u00eb ur\u00eb lidh\u00ebse midis Lindjes dhe Per\u00ebndimit, si rrug\u00ebkalim natyral midis Azis\u00eb dhe Afrik\u00ebs, si dhe nj\u00eb udh\u00ebkryq p\u00ebr rrug\u00ebt e bot\u00ebs. Po ashtu, ai \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe shtrati i feve dhe qytet\u00ebrimeve.\u201d Nd\u00ebr sugjerimet m\u00eb pikante t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj konference ishte m\u00ebnyra si do ndaheshin shtetet arabe midis k\u00ebtyre forcave neokolonizatore.<\/p>\n

b. Marr\u00ebveshja e famshme Sykes-Picot<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00eb pas, m\u00eb 16 maj t\u00eb vitit 1916, delegat\u00ebt Sykes dhe Picot u dakord\u00ebsuan n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb Anglis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs, si dhe me dakord\u00ebsin\u00eb e Rusis\u00eb, p\u00ebr ndarjen e bot\u00ebs arabe. Rusia merrte nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Azis\u00eb s\u00eb Mesme. K\u00ebshtu, Franca dhe Anglia, si dy shtete aleate, arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje pas nj\u00eb maratone disaor\u00ebshe negociatash t\u00eb fshehta midis p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit anglez, Mark Sykes, dhe atij francez, Francois Georges Picot. Rezultatet e arritura nga k\u00ebto negociata iu paraqit\u00ebn Rusis\u00eb cariste, e cila ra direkt dakort me k\u00ebt\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, me kusht q\u00eb dy vendet t\u2019i njihnin asaj aneksimin e disa zonave n\u00eb Azin\u00eb e Vog\u00ebl t\u00eb pas luft\u00ebs. Sipas marr\u00ebveshjes Sykes-Picot, Anglia dhe Franca e ndan\u00eb Lindjen e Mesme mes tyre. Zona bregdetare e Siris\u00eb dhe Libanit iu dha Franc\u00ebs, Iraku dhe Gadishulli Arabik iu dhan\u00eb Anglis\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr sa u p\u00ebrket zon\u00ebs t\u00eb tjera, u ra dakort midis Anglis\u00eb dhe Franc\u00ebs q\u00eb t\u00eb njihen nj\u00eb apo disa shtete arabe t\u00eb pavarura, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb udh\u00ebhiqeshin nga president\u00eb arab\u00eb. Mir\u00ebpo, sipas marr\u00ebveshjes kusht\u00ebzohej q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga t\u00eb dy zonat Franca duhej t\u00eb kishte precedenc\u00eb n\u00eb projektet dhe borxhet vendore t\u00eb saj, si dhe monopolin e d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb k\u00ebshilltar\u00ebve dhe zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Kufijt\u00eb q\u00eb shohim sot midis shteteve arabe jan\u00eb demarkacione t\u00eb vendosura sipas dy fuqive t\u00eb asaj kohe, Franc\u00ebs dhe Anglis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kur Shtetet e Bashkuara t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs dhe ish-Bashkimi Sovjetik e trash\u00ebguan bot\u00ebn arabe nga Franca dhe Anglia, ajo u kthye n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga fush\u00ebbetejat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb. Sekretarja amerikane e Shtetit, Condoleezza Rice, tha n\u00eb janar t\u00eb vitit 2005: \u201cP\u00ebr 60 vjet ne menduam se mund t\u00eb arrinim ta stabilizonim lindjen e mesme pa liri, n\u00eb fund nuk arrit\u00ebm asnj\u00eb nga t\u00eb dyja.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kur u krijua rendi i ri global\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, Shtetet e Bashkuara t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs krijuan Organizat\u00ebn e Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara (OKB) n\u00eb San Francisko, m\u00eb 1945, me synim krijimin e nj\u00eb strukture q\u00eb ruante n\u00eb rang global hegjemonin\u00eb e shteteve q\u00eb dol\u00ebn triumfuese. K\u00ebto shtete ishin Amerika, Bashkim Sovjetik, Anglia, Franca, dhe, m\u00eb pas, Kina. K\u00ebshtu, k\u00ebtyre pes\u00eb shteteve iu dha e drejta e vetos kund\u00ebr \u00e7do vendimi me t\u00eb cilin nuk binin dakord.<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz nuk e din\u00eb se ideja e ngritjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb strukture kombesh derivon nga nocioni i \u201dLidhjes s\u00eb Kombeve\u201d, t\u00eb ngritur nga europian\u00ebt, e cila nuk vazhdoi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndezjes s\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. Sipas historianit arab El Huvejrini: \u201cThelbi i k\u00ebsaj ideje ishte q\u00eb superfuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha globale t\u2019i menaxhonin interesat, konfliktet dhe aspiratat n\u00eb bot\u00eb pa u konfrontuar direkt midis tyre, si\u00e7 qe rasti i dy luft\u00ebrave bot\u00ebrore, q\u00eb soll\u00ebn pasoja katastrofike dhe rr\u00ebnuese p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha shtetet pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebse. Nga k\u00ebtu lindi ideja e Lidhjes s\u00eb Kombeve, e m\u00eb pas e OKB-s\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, luft\u00ebrat e reja midis superfuqive zhvilloheshin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb diplomatike dhe agjenturore, por tashm\u00eb jo m\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb ushtarake. Karakteri i ri i luft\u00ebrave \u00ebsht\u00eb me delegim, nga ku Amerika dhe ish-Bashkimi Sovjetik p\u00ebrfshinin n\u00eb konflikte t\u00eb armatosura shtetet e veta aleate, tamam si\u00e7 ndodhi n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e zhvilluar midis Egjiptit dhe Izraelit n\u00eb vitet 1967 dhe 1973. K\u00ebto shtete aleate, nj\u00eb i kampit lindor dhe tjetri i atij per\u00ebndimor, u b\u00ebn\u00eb \u2018arm\u00ebt\u2019 luftarake t\u00eb tyre; po ashtu i eksperimentuan dhe u b\u00ebn\u00eb reklam\u00eb arm\u00ebve t\u00eb aleat\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre. Kuptohet, pa u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb. Kjo gj\u00eb u b\u00eb akoma edhe m\u00eb e dukshme n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjen q\u00eb Amerika i dha Afganistanit n\u00eb luft\u00ebn kundra sovjetik\u00ebve, apo n\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahjen q\u00eb ish-Bashkimi Sovjetik i dha Vietnamit kund\u00ebr Amerik\u00ebs.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u00eb lidhje me objektivat e OKB-s\u00eb, historiani arab Ismail Shetij thot\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhur:<\/p>\n

\u201cPavar\u00ebsisht faktit se fjal\u00ebt e para t\u00eb dokumentit t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb shprehin qart\u00eb se funksioni saj \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtja e rendit dhe e paqes nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb fakt ajo q\u00eb synohet \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb ky rend dhe kjo paqe t\u00eb ruhet mes t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjve. Kjo pasi gjysm\u00ebshekulli i kaluar u mbyll me luft\u00ebra t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme midis shteteve t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 superfuqive. K\u00ebshtu, rendi global erdhi si alternativ\u00eb dhe ekuivalent i sistemeve pushtuese, e si konservues i interesave dhe influencave t\u00eb shteteve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb asnj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri n\u00eb bot\u00eb t\u00eb mos e cenoj\u00eb dot imunitetin e pushtimeve.\u201d<\/p>\n

Por kjo p\u00ebrplasje shtrihet edhe n\u00eb bot\u00ebn akademike amerikane, e jo vet\u00ebm, sidomos midis historian\u00ebve Bernard Lewis dhe Huntington.<\/p>\n

Luisian\u00ebt thon\u00eb se, \u201cBota arabe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e prapambetur, e cila nuk e pranon dot periudh\u00ebn moderne, prandaj edhe e lufton \u2018civilizimin\u2019 dhe duhet luftuar.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Samuel Huntington shpreh nj\u00eb universalizim t\u00eb vlerave per\u00ebndimore: \u201cNocioni i \u2018civilizimit global\u2019 ndihmon n\u00eb p\u00ebrligjjen e dominimit kulturor t\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb e tjera\u2026 \u2018Globalizmi\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb ideologjia per\u00ebndimore p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrballur me kulturat joper\u00ebndimore.\u201d<\/p>\n

Analizat e rendit t\u00eb ri global\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Rendi global, sipas ekspert\u00ebve, ka si kolon\u00eb vertebrale t\u00eb tij kat\u00ebr elemente:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Forca ushtarake (arm\u00ebt). P\u00ebr hir t\u00eb s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs, duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb OKB-ja e ka situat\u00ebn n\u00ebn kontroll, ku p\u00ebrve\u00e7 disa rasteve sporadike, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb rasti i Iranit dhe Kores\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut n\u00eb prodhimin e arm\u00ebve b\u00ebrthamore jasht\u00eb suazave t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb, bota e ruan nj\u00eb lloj rendi n\u00eb lidhje me k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb.<\/li>\n
  2. Energjia dhe burimet. Po ashtu duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se edhe p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn e burimeve natyrore t\u00eb gazit dhe t\u00eb naft\u00ebs, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb se ka nj\u00eb konflikt apo debat n\u00eb OKB se si t\u00eb ndahen.<\/li>\n
  3. Legjitimiteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar (OKB-ja). Ky organiz\u00ebm vazhdon ta ruaj\u00eb edhe sot e k\u00ebsaj dite k\u00ebt\u00eb legjitimitet, sepse v\u00ebnia n\u00eb diskutim e legjitimitetit t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton preludin e nj\u00eb lufte, si\u00e7 u shp\u00ebrb\u00eb, fjala bie, Lidhja e Kombeve p\u00ebrpara Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore.<\/li>\n
  4. Globalizmi (kultura, arsimi dhe media). Edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb se ka divergjenca t\u00eb thella apo strukturore n\u00eb ndryshimin e informacioneve apo njohurive.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Konkluzion\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Rendi global ka shfaqur problemet e veta, por gjithsesi me sa duket nuk jan\u00eb serioze. Debatet e shfaqura s\u00eb fundmi n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare jan\u00eb nj\u00eb parashikim i b\u00ebr\u00eb prej ekspert\u00ebve t\u00eb gjeopolitik\u00ebs q\u00eb prej dy dekadash. Misha Glenny e pati parashikuar koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb konfliktin e Ukrain\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa Kissinger-i parashikoi \u201ckryengritjen\u201d e Kin\u00ebs kund\u00ebr rendit amerikan n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Huntington-i parashikoi at\u00eb t\u00eb \u201cTurqis\u00eb\u201d, apo nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb tjet\u00ebr kulturore t\u00eb mysliman\u00ebve. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb ekspert\u00ebt konverguan n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb: ata parashikuan se bota tashm\u00eb nuk do jet\u00eb m\u00eb unilaterale, per\u00ebndimore, por do t\u00eb ket\u00eb \u201cforca rajonale\u201d q\u00eb do i administrojn\u00eb vet\u00eb hallet, apo nuk do lejojn\u00eb q\u00eb ato t\u00eb menaxhohen nga superfuqit\u00eb pa bashk\u00ebpunimin e tyre. K\u00ebt\u00eb tenton t\u00eb thot\u00eb edhe Erdo\u011fan-i, i cili aspiron q\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb shtet mysliman t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e vetos. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, Turqia.<\/p>\n

    Por shum\u00eb prej ekspert\u00ebve t\u00eb sip\u00ebrp\u00ebrmendur gabuan kur than\u00eb se shkak i luft\u00ebrave do t\u00eb jen\u00eb p\u00ebrplasjet e qytet\u00ebrimeve dhe religjioneve, sepse realiteti sot e ka hedhur posht\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tez\u00eb. Pas dy dekadash konstatojm\u00eb se, \u201cbab\u00ebzia e pushtetar\u00ebve p\u00ebr territore\u201d, si\u00e7 thoshte Ib\u00ebn Halduni, \u201ci shkakton luft\u00ebrat\u201d, nd\u00ebrsa religjionet, shpesh viktimat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre p\u00ebrplasjeve, i amortizojn\u00eb k\u00ebto goditje dhe luftime t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme. Vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb gj\u00eb mund t\u00eb thuhet me siguri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj panorame ngjarjesh t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme: n\u00ebse shtetet kan\u00eb qen\u00eb historikisht gazi i luft\u00ebrave, religjionet ishin pedali i frenave t\u00eb tyre. Nj\u00eb bot\u00eb sot pa qytet\u00ebrime dhe religjione do ta kishte \u00e7uar at\u00eb pashmangshm\u00ebrisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb re globale.<\/p>\n

    \/tesheshi.com\/<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nga. Enklid PELARI Pak dit\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, presidenti i Turqis\u00eb b\u00ebri nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb, e cila, megjith\u00ebse kaloi me konsiderata normaliste, po t\u00eb ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb jo m\u00eb pak se 10 vite…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1999,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinionanaliza"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10770"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10770"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10770\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10771,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10770\/revisions\/10771"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}