{"id":26632,"date":"2018-11-13T21:53:58","date_gmt":"2018-11-13T20:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shekulliagency.com\/?p=26632"},"modified":"2018-11-13T21:53:58","modified_gmt":"2018-11-13T20:53:58","slug":"patriotizmi-nacionalizmi-shovinizmi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/?p=26632","title":{"rendered":"Patriotizmi-nacionalizmi-shovinizmi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Tri arsye m\u00eb shtyjn\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim ta nis qysh n\u00eb titull me tri termat q\u00eb em\u00ebrtojn\u00eb nocione dhe dukuri q\u00eb ngjallin shum\u00eb diskutime e debate teorike dhe ndikojn\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillimet politike e diplomatike bot\u00ebrore<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Shkruan: Abdi BALETA, Tiran\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt sot jan\u00eb t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen fort e nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh me rrjedhojat e t\u00eb tria k\u00ebtyre dukurive, por u kushtojn\u00eb ende pak v\u00ebmendje nocioneve p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/strong>\u00a0Ne shqiptar\u00ebt jetojm\u00eb si t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb t\u00eb pasigurt, n\u00eb nj\u00eb Europ\u00eb t\u00eb tronditur duksh\u00ebm k\u00ebto koh\u00ebt e fundit, n\u00eb nj\u00eb Ballkan gjithnj\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7oroditur e shp\u00ebrthyes, n\u00eb dy shtete shqiptare rrumpall\u00eb dhe n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrira t\u00eb ndara e t\u00eb trullosura. Jemi komb i ndar\u00eb, por k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr bashkim komb\u00ebtar nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb ende lajtmotiv politik kryesor p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt. Fjal\u00ebn \u201catdhetariz\u00ebm\u201d (patriotiz\u00ebm) e kemi n\u00eb maj\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs, q\u00eb t\u00eb tregojm\u00eb se jemi njer\u00ebz me dinjitet. Por, m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb tregohemi \u201ceuropianist\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb vendosur, \u201cpanballkanist\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtuar, pa u merakosur se dukemi \u201chi\u00e7oshqiptarist\u00eb\u201d. Nj\u00eb shembull p\u00ebshtiros\u00ebs t\u00eb \u201chi\u00e7oshqiptarizmit\u201d na e ka sjell\u00eb gazeta \u201cPanorama\u201d m\u00eb 22 n\u00ebntor 2017 me titullin e madh \u201cMeta: Shqip\u00ebria shtyll\u00eb e fort\u00eb e filozofis\u00eb p\u00ebr europianizimin e rajonit\u201d. Kjo parull\u00eb politike ngritur mbi nj\u00eb \u201cfilozofi\u201d t\u00eb shpikur rishtas ngjan m\u00eb qesharake se parulla e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb Enverit: \u201cShqip\u00ebria, fener ndri\u00e7ues dhe k\u00ebshtjell\u00eb e socializmit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n

Rrjedhat e zhvillimeve m\u00eb t\u00eb reja t\u00eb ngjarjeve tregojn\u00eb se n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, dhe n\u00eb Europ\u00eb e Ballkan, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti,\u00a0\u201cpatriotizmi\u201d, \u201cnacionalizmi\u201d e \u201cshovinizmi\u201d jan\u00eb n\u00eb ngjitje.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Presidentit i Komisionit t\u00eb Bashkimit Europian, Zhan-Klod Junker, ka l\u00ebshuar n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn spanjolle \u201cEl Pais\u201d nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb shum\u00eb zevzeke dhe nj\u00eb tez\u00eb provokuese se: \u201cKatalonja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim i madh, shum\u00eb i madh. Nuk m\u00eb p\u00eblqen situata q\u00eb ka krijuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb katastrof\u00eb\u2026. \u00cbsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e trishtueshme. Kjo nuk duhej t\u00eb kishte ndodhur kurr\u00eb. Nacionalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb helm i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb\u201d. (\u201cTema\u201d, 20 n\u00ebntor 2017).\u00a0Teza e Junkerit \u201cNacionalizmi, helmi i Europ\u00ebs\u201d teorikisht \u00ebsht\u00eb e gabuar dhe politikisht e rrezikshme.<\/strong><\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

Deklarata e Junkerit m\u00eb shtyn t\u00eb reagoj edhe p\u00ebr arsyen se me nj\u00eb mend\u00ebsi t\u00eb till\u00eb antinacionaliste ndeshemi edhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/strong>Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas deklarat\u00ebs alarmante t\u00eb Junkerit, kryetari i shtetit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Ilir Meta, mori rrug\u00ebn drejt FYROM-it dhe atje ka \u201cnxitur kryetarin shqiptar t\u00eb parlamentit fyromas, Xhaferri, t\u00eb kujdeset m\u00eb fort p\u00ebr t\u00eb forcuar marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebretnike n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shtet\u201d. Pra, kryetari i shtetit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb i konformohet tez\u00ebs antinacionaliste t\u00eb Junkerit. Si duket, Ilir Met\u00ebn, krahas halleve politike q\u00eb ka brenda Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, e paska z\u00ebn\u00eb dhe frika se mos \u201cvullneti politik katalanas p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi\u201d i infekton shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Maqedoni dhe e rrezikon FYROM-in, duke nxitur nacionalizmin shqiptar p\u00ebr t\u00eb sfiduar shovinizmin sllav.<\/p>\n

Shqet\u00ebsim tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb se zot\u00ebri Zhan-Klod Junker, p\u00ebr funksionet q\u00eb kryen, me deklaratat e tij krijon turbullir\u00eb t\u00eb re politike e diplomatike lidhur me vler\u00ebsimin e zhvillimeve q\u00eb kan\u00eb ndodhur n\u00eb Europ\u00eb pas rr\u00ebzimit t\u00eb murit t\u00eb Berlinit.\u00a0<\/strong>Ai nuk ka mbajtur fare parasysh natyr\u00ebn nacionaliste t\u00eb proceseve politike europiane q\u00eb kan\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb ndryshimet e thella gjat\u00eb 30 viteve t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Lindore, Qendrore e Juglindore. Zhvillimet k\u00ebtu kan\u00eb ndodhur pik\u00ebrisht mbi baz\u00ebn dhe sipas kritereve t\u00eb politikave nacionaliste. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar si emancipim, \u00e7lirim e arritje e madhe p\u00ebr zgjerimin e Bashkimit Europian. Kjo epok\u00eb e re n\u00eb historin\u00eb europiane nisi me bashkimin e dy shteteve gjermane n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm komb\u00ebtar, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn shembull t\u00eb past\u00ebr t\u00eb triumfit t\u00eb nacionalizmit t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar si faktor me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebr stabilitetin n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Kjo ngjarje u pasua nga shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e tri federatave shtet\u00ebrore, ish-Bashkimit Sovjetik, ish-Jugosllavis\u00eb dhe ish- \u00c7eko-Sllovakis\u00eb, ku shum\u00eb kombe nuk e ndjenin veten mir\u00eb. Edhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb si shp\u00ebrthim i val\u00ebs s\u00eb nacionalizmit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb q\u00eb e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoi mjaft klim\u00ebn n\u00eb kontinent. Pse t\u00eb shpallet tani nacionalizmi si \u201chelmi i Europ\u00ebs\u201d!<\/p>\n

Deri i radhis k\u00ebto mendime, e mbaj n\u00eb dor\u00eb librin me titull \u201cSuitors and Suppliants. The Little Nations at Versailles<\/em>\u201d (Lut\u00ebs dhe lyp\u00ebs. Kombet e vegj\u00ebl n\u00eb Versaj\u00eb) botim n\u00eb vitet 1946, 2001. Ky lib\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb ditari i\u00a0Stephen Bonsal<\/em>, q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb ekspert i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm diplomatik e p\u00ebrkthyes pran\u00eb drejtuesve t\u00eb delegacionit amerikan n\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebn e Versaj\u00ebs (1919), Udro Uillsonit e kolonelit Hauz. Bonsal-i ka pasur takime me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb politikan\u00ebt q\u00eb b\u00ebnin lutje e k\u00ebrkesa pran\u00eb kat\u00ebrshes s\u00eb madhe diplomatike t\u00eb koh\u00ebs (SHBA, Britani e Madhe, Franc\u00eb, Itali). Ka pasur takime, dreka e darka edhe me politikan\u00eb ballkanas, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Knjaz Nikoll\u00ebn e Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe shqiptarin Esat Pash\u00eb Toptani, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt shkruan me simpati: \u201c\u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se ata kan\u00eb ardhur si lyp\u00ebs, por pa r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb gjunj\u00eb. N\u00eb fakt ata jan\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb pap\u00ebrkulur dhe ndoshta p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb un\u00eb i dua ata kaq shum\u00eb. K\u00ebtu jan\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00eb ata q\u00eb sillen e p\u00ebshtillen rreth e rrotull, duke r\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb barkas sa her\u00eb u duket se kjo p\u00ebrul\u00ebsi do t\u2019i ndihmoj\u00eb t\u00eb shtyjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpara planet e tyre\u201d (f.77). Pas nj\u00eb shekulli duket se skena t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb Versaj\u00ebs (Paris) jan\u00eb zhvendosur n\u00eb kryeqytetin e eurocentrizmit, n\u00eb Bruksel, kur p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues vendesh t\u00eb vogla shkojn\u00eb vet\u00eb ose i th\u00ebrrasin q\u00eb t\u00eb zvarriten para diplomacis\u00eb burokratike eurobrukselase. Kjo ndodh m\u00eb shpesh me politikan\u00ebt nga dy shtetet shqiptar\u00eb. Nuk mund t\u00eb marrim me mend se si do t\u00eb shkruhet p\u00ebr k\u00ebta \u201clyp\u00ebs e lut\u00ebs\u201d shqiptar\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb. Urojm\u00eb q\u00eb midis tyre t\u00eb ket\u00eb dal\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ndonj\u00eb si Esat Pash\u00eb Toptani, me pak\u00ebz sed\u00ebr e sens realpolitike shqiptare, jo vet\u00ebm qaravit\u00ebs dhe grindavec\u00eb q\u00eb fyejn\u00eb nj\u00ebri-tjetrin.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhur keq kur nj\u00eb personalitet me rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, nacionalizmin n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e kombeve e n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e trajton n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pasakt\u00eb e n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me konceptet teorike\u00a0<\/strong>q\u00eb i gjejm\u00eb m\u00eb \u00e7do fjalor gjuh\u00ebsor dhe n\u00eb literatur\u00ebn e gjer\u00eb t\u00eb specializuar. Nuk mund t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetemi fort tek \u201cFjalori i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme shqipe\u201d, sepse konceptet e nacionalizmit e shovinizmit i ka trajtuar n\u00eb frym\u00eb tejet ideologjike. Por, edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fjalor nuk mungon vler\u00ebsimi se \u201cNacionalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebvizje komb\u00ebtare kund\u00ebr pushtimit e sundimit t\u00eb huaj\u201d. B\u00ebhet dhe sqarimi q\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatet shovinizmit \u201cnacionaliz\u00ebm borgjez \u2026 q\u00eb shpall ep\u00ebrsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb kombi mbi kombet e tjer\u00eb dhe q\u00eb nxit e ndez armiq\u00ebsin\u00eb, grindjet e urrejtjen nacionale reaksionare\u201d. Besoj se \u201ckonceptin junkerian\u201d mbi \u201cnacionalizmin si helm\u201d e p\u00ebrg\u00ebnjeshtron si duhet fjalori i gjuh\u00ebs fr\u00ebnge \u201cLe Petit Robert<\/em>\u201d, ku shkruhet se: \u201cNacionalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb doktrin\u00eb (pra, jo ideologji, AB), l\u00ebvizje politike q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon p\u00ebr nj\u00eb komb\u00ebsi t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn t\u00eb formoj\u00eb nj\u00eb komb\u201d (lexo nj\u00eb shtet sipas kuptimit q\u00eb ka fjala komb n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore, AB). Ky fjalor shpjegon gjithashtu se nacionalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cekzaltim i ndjenj\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare, lidhje pasionante me kombin, t\u00eb cilit i p\u00ebrket q\u00eb nganj\u00ebher\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohet me ksenofobi dhe vullnet p\u00ebr vetizolim\u201d. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast nacionalizmi kalon n\u00eb \u201cshoviniz\u00ebm\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi teorik katalan\u00ebt kan\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb shtetin e tyre dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e padrejt\u00eb q\u00eb kjo t\u00eb interpretohet si \u201chelmim\u201d i Europ\u00ebs.<\/strong>\u00a0Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb Katalonja q\u00eb po \u201chelmon Europ\u00ebn\u201d, por vet\u00eb politikat europiane. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb faji i Katalonj\u00ebs q\u00eb n\u00eb Gjermani nuk po b\u00ebjn\u00eb dot qeveri e mund t\u00eb shkohet drejt zgjedhjesh t\u00eb reja ose q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr presidentin e Franc\u00ebs, t\u00eb zgjedhur me buj\u00eb, po bie. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb faji i Katalonj\u00ebs q\u00eb diplomacia eurobrukselase nuk e sh\u00ebron dot asnj\u00eb nga plag\u00ebt e Ballkanit, por krekoset se mban n\u00eb \u201cGeto\u201d shqiptar\u00ebt e Kosov\u00ebs. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb faji i Katalonj\u00ebs q\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb jan\u00eb krijuar probleme t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira me refugjat\u00ebt e luft\u00ebs n\u00eb kontinente t\u00eb tjera e t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan, q\u00eb vlojn\u00eb pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsira n\u00eb Poloni, Hungari e gjetk\u00eb. Dhe, m\u00eb kryesorja: nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb faji i Katalonj\u00ebs q\u00eb Britania e Madhe doli nga BE-ja. Ky shp\u00ebrthim i nacionalizmit britanik \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb godit\u00ebs p\u00ebr \u201ceurocentrizmin brukselas, parizian e berlinez\u201d sesa pavar\u00ebsimi i Katalonj\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\u201cHelm\u201d p\u00ebr Europ\u00ebn nuk mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet k\u00ebrkesa e Katalonj\u00ebs p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi, sikurse nuk u b\u00eb e till\u00eb k\u00ebrkesa e shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi. Pavar\u00ebsimi i Kosov\u00ebs u b\u00eb antidot ndaj helmimit t\u00eb Ballkanit nga shovinizmi serb.\u00a0<\/strong>Por, p\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, m\u00ebsojm\u00eb se n\u00eb pik\u00ebpamjet politike e diplomatike t\u00eb Junkerit paska z\u00ebn\u00eb vend urrejtja p\u00ebr nacionalizmin dhe simpatia p\u00ebr shovinizmin. Knut Fleckenstein, raportuesi p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb Komisionin Europian n\u00eb Bruksel, n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebm i qenka kund\u00ebrv\u00ebn\u00eb fort Junkerit p\u00ebr shkak se ky favorizon Serbin\u00eb dhe diskriminon Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb lidhur me caktimin e dat\u00ebs p\u00ebr fillimin e bisedimeve t\u00eb pranimit n\u00eb BE. (\u201cFleckenstein \u2018sherr\u2019 me Juncker p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb\u201d, \u201cTema\u201d 22 n\u00ebntor 2017)\u00a0Shovinizmi serb shpesh p\u00ebrk\u00ebdhelet n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa nacionalizmi shqiptar vet\u00ebm akuzohet.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Po mbushen tri dekada q\u00eb Europa nuk zgjidh dot problemin e pag\u00ebzimit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shtet an\u00ebtar t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb, q\u00eb ende mban em\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm, FYROM. Nuk ma merrte mendja se kjo pun\u00eb do t\u00eb zgjaste kaq shum\u00eb kur lexoja pjes\u00ebn \u201c\u00c7\u00ebshtja e emrit\u201d n\u00eb librin \u201cWho are the Macedonians<\/em>\u201d (Kush jan\u00eb maqedonasit), ribotimi i vitit 2000. Autori i k\u00ebtij libri,\u00a0Hugh Poulton,<\/em>\u00a0shpjegonte at\u00ebher\u00eb se p\u00ebr ta pranuar k\u00ebt\u00eb shtet n\u00eb OKB u b\u00eb nj\u00eb kompromis me Greqin\u00eb (i sugjeruar nga Britania e Madhe, Franca e Spanja) q\u00eb p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej emri \u201cIsh-Republika Federative Jugosllave e Maqedonis\u00eb\u201d. Poulton-i shkruante se \u201cP\u00ebrpjekjet (nga viti 1993 deri n\u00eb 2000) p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur kompromisin afatgjat\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar. N\u00eb maj 1993 Greqia e hodhi posht\u00eb propozimin e b\u00ebr\u00eb nga Sairus Vens (amerikan) dhe Deivid Ouen (britanik) p\u00ebr emrin \u201cMaqedonia e Re\u201d ose \u201cMaqedonia e Sip\u00ebrme\u201d\u2026 M\u00eb i pranuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr pal\u00ebn greke dukej emri \u201cSllavomaqedonia\u201d, por kund\u00ebr k\u00ebtij emri reaguan fort shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Maqedoni e jasht\u00eb saj\u201d.<\/p>\n

Emri nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetur ende dhe v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb gjendet nj\u00eb em\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u2019i k\u00ebnaq\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Pas ngrohjes, koh\u00ebt e fundit, t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve greko-fyromase, flitet se do t\u00eb shtohen p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur emrin e pag\u00ebzimit. Shqiptar\u00ebt deri tani jan\u00eb ankuar se qeveritar\u00ebt e Shkupit i kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb jasht\u00eb bisedimeve me grek\u00ebt. Por, edhe sikur t\u2019i p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb, tani n\u00eb k\u00ebto bisedime nuk u b\u00ebjn\u00eb as vler\u00ebsim, as nderim. Nuk ka asnj\u00eb garanci se kjo do t\u2019u dal\u00eb p\u00ebr mir\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Me sa kam dijeni, shqiptar\u00ebt nuk kan\u00eb ndonj\u00eb em\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb propozuar. P\u00ebrkundrazi, rritet rreziku q\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve t\u2019u k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb ndonj\u00eb sakrific\u00eb t\u00eb re, k\u00ebsaj radhe rreth emrit t\u00eb shtetit, q\u00eb deri tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shteti i tyre. Shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb FYROM jan\u00eb v\u00ebrtet popullsi autoktone n\u00eb trojet e veta st\u00ebrgjysh\u00ebrore, jan\u00eb n\u00eb atdheun e tyre, n\u00eb vendin e tyre, por ende jo n\u00eb shtetin e tyre. N\u00eb FYROM shqiptar\u00ebt trajtohen vet\u00ebm si pakic\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. At\u00ebher\u00eb le t\u00eb mbetet emri FYROM, si p\u00ebrkohshm\u00ebri.\u00a0Problemi themelor me FYROM-in nuk q\u00ebndron tek emri, por tek konceptimi dhe nd\u00ebrtimi i shtetit si shtet komb\u00ebtar unitar i nj\u00eb kombi, q\u00eb n\u00eb fakt ende nuk ekziston n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb.<\/strong>\u00a0K\u00ebt\u00eb gjithkush mund ta kuptoj\u00eb leht\u00eb po ta lexoj\u00eb si duhet librin e Poulton-it \u201cKush jan\u00eb maqedonasit\u201d ose po t\u2019i ket\u00eb parasysh q\u00ebndrimet q\u00eb mbajn\u00eb Serbia, Bullgaria e Greqia ndaj popullsis\u00eb sllavishtfol\u00ebse t\u00eb FYROM-it. P\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt nuk mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb gjendet nj\u00eb em\u00ebr q\u00eb do t\u2019i lej\u00eb ata, jo m\u00eb p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht, por p\u00ebrfundimisht, n\u00eb pozit\u00ebn e statusin e tyre t\u00eb tanish\u00ebm t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare.\u00a0\u00c7far\u00ebdo em\u00ebrtimi q\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte element\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsor\u00eb t\u00eb federalizimit t\u00eb FYROM-it, nuk ka pse t\u00eb jet\u00eb i mir\u00ebpritur nga shqiptar\u00ebt.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb mjediset politike, intelektuale e publicistike shqiptare jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb debate t\u00eb shumta, e shpesh t\u00eb ashpra, lidhur me nacionalizmin, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, dhe nacionalizmin shqiptar, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti. Antinacionalist\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb kan\u00eb ndjekur pak a shum\u00eb at\u00eb logjik\u00eb q\u00eb gjejm\u00eb n\u00eb deklarat\u00ebn e Zhan-Klod Junkerit, por fshihen pas termit \u201cpatriotiz\u00ebm\u201d. \u00cbsht\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb shpesh se praktikisht ata kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb loj\u00ebn e nacionalizmave t\u00eb tjer\u00eb anti-shqiptar\u00eb, d.m.th. t\u00eb shovinizmave ballkanik\u00eb. Historiani Ardian Muhaj ka sugjeruar nj\u00eb perceptim teorik t\u00eb ri t\u00eb nacionalizmit n\u00eb Ballkan. N\u00eb Ballkan asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatuar parimi themelor i nacionalizmit, si\u00e7 e ka formuluar studiuesi i njohur Ernest Gellner: \u201cP\u00ebrputhje e nj\u00ebsis\u00eb politike (shtetit) me nj\u00ebsin\u00eb etnike (kombin)\u201d. Kur lindi \u00e7\u00ebshtja komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Ballkan n\u00eb shekullin XIX, t\u00eb gjitha kombet e k\u00ebtij rajoni shpall\u00ebn programe shoviniste, q\u00eb nj\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre politike e shtrinin p\u00ebrtej nj\u00ebsis\u00eb etnike dhe pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb e realizuan k\u00ebt\u00eb edhe n\u00eb praktik\u00eb. Shembullin e par\u00eb m\u00eb tipik e kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb serb\u00ebt me \u201cNa\u00e7ertanien\u201d e grek\u00ebt me \u201cMegaliiden\u00eb\u201d n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb shekullit XIX. Pastaj bullgar\u00ebt me projektin e \u201cBullgaris\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe\u201d t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Stefanit dhe Mali i Zi n\u00eb \u00e7erekun e fundit t\u00eb shekullit XIX. Vet\u00ebm shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Lidhjen e Prizrenit shpall\u00ebn nj\u00eb program nacionalist t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb, duke k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb nj\u00ebsia politike t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhej me at\u00eb etnike, si bashkim i kat\u00ebr vilajeteve shqiptare t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane.\u00a0Luft\u00ebrat Ballkanike (1912-13) e t\u00eb tjera m\u00eb von\u00eb p\u00ebrforcuan karakterin shovinist t\u00eb politikave t\u00eb shteteve t\u00eb Ballkanit dhe penguan zbatimin korrekt t\u00eb parimit t\u00eb nacionalizmit p\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb mjaft dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs vler\u00ebsimi q\u00eb b\u00ebn Muhaj se\u00a0sot \u201cmaqedonasit nuk synojn\u00eb p\u00ebrputhjen e nj\u00ebsis\u00eb politike me at\u00eb etnike, por kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb tyre shtet\u00ebrore pik\u00ebrisht mosp\u00ebrputhjen e tyre\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0(\u201cGazeta e re\u201d, 11 prill 2017).\u00a0Shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb mbetur t\u00eb vetmit q\u00eb u duhet ende t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb p\u00ebrputhjen e nj\u00ebsis\u00eb etnike me at\u00eb politike dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb nacionaliz\u00ebm krejt normal qortohen. Nd\u00ebrkaq ata q\u00eb ndjekin politik\u00eb shoviniste mir\u00ebkuptohen e mb\u00ebshteten.<\/strong>\u00a0K\u00ebt\u00eb b\u00ebn Junkeri n\u00eb Bruksel. \u00c7far\u00eb ka p\u00ebr t\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb ai p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u201cgjendje helmuese\u201d prej dy shekujsh n\u00eb Europ\u00eb?! Por, edhe shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e tyre ende ngrihen kund\u00ebr nacionalizmit t\u00eb tyre, u vet\u00ebtrullos\u00ebn me formulat panballkaniste e europianiste. Pra, Ballkanin nuk e ka helmuar dhe nuk e helmon nacionalizmi i paralizuar shqiptar, por e ka helmuar dhe vazhdon ta helmoj\u00eb shovinizmi i shteteve ndaj nj\u00ebri-tjetri dhe s\u00eb pari kund\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, qeveritar\u00ebt, politikan\u00ebt e propagandist\u00ebt grek\u00eb asgj\u00eb nuk i ndalon t\u00eb japin alarmin deri n\u00eb Bruksel se nacionalizmi shqiptar po rrezikon Ballkanin dhe Europ\u00ebn. Ata k\u00ebrc\u00ebnojn\u00eb se po nuk u zgjidh\u00ebn si do Greqia disa \u00e7\u00ebshtje, t\u00eb qena e t\u00eb paqena, n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet greko-shqiptare, at\u00ebher\u00eb Greqia nuk do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb hapjen e bisedimeve p\u00ebr pranimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb BE. Mbas nj\u00eb fushate intensive k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuese q\u00eb nd\u00ebrmori Greqia gjat\u00eb disa muajsh, u b\u00ebn\u00eb bisedime greko-shqiptare treditore n\u00eb Kret\u00eb. Asgj\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb vesh se \u00e7far\u00eb u tha e \u00e7far\u00eb u b\u00eb. Q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhur e q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb zgjidhej asnj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje, kjo ishte e qart\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e dukshme. Jan\u00eb premtuar bisedime t\u00eb tjera. Por,\u00a0atje kur vihen p\u00ebrball\u00eb n\u00eb bisedime diplomatike nj\u00eb shoviniz\u00ebm agresiv e arrogant grek me nj\u00eb nacionaliz\u00ebm ende t\u00eb mekur shqiptar nuk duhet pritur shum\u00eb shpejt zhvillime pozitive.<\/strong>Problemet e ngrira n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet shqiptaro-greke do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi rajoni i Ballkanit vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb rajoni m\u00eb i pasigurt i Europ\u00ebs, nj\u00eb l\u00ebmsh ngat\u00ebrresash e politikash shoviniste q\u00eb nuk po i b\u00ebjn\u00eb dot zap e v\u00ebn\u00eb dot n\u00eb vij\u00eb as BE-ja e as NATO-ja. N\u00eb Ballkan deri tani vet\u00ebm shovinizmit i \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb terren i lir\u00eb dhe ky e ka shfryt\u00ebzuar mir\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mund\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tri arsye m\u00eb shtyjn\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim ta nis qysh n\u00eb titull me tri termat q\u00eb em\u00ebrtojn\u00eb nocione dhe dukuri q\u00eb ngjallin shum\u00eb diskutime e debate teorike dhe ndikojn\u00eb shum\u00eb…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":272,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinionanaliza"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26632"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26632"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26632\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26633,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26632\/revisions\/26633"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26632"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}