{"id":3217,"date":"2015-09-22T11:16:38","date_gmt":"2015-09-22T10:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shekulliagency.com\/?p=3217"},"modified":"2015-09-22T21:21:04","modified_gmt":"2015-09-22T20:21:04","slug":"toleranca-nderfetare-ndaj-shqiptareve-te-krishtere-ne-fermanet-e-shtetit-osman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/?p=3217","title":{"rendered":"Toleranca nd\u00ebrfetare ndaj shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb krishter\u00eb n\u00eb Ferman\u00ebt e Shtetit Osman"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"stema-osmane\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Dr. Genti Kruja<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstrakt<\/strong><\/p>\n

Historia, megjith\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb komplekse, p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar e par\u00eb shembujt e toleranc\u00ebs dhe burimin se nga ka rrjedhur mjafton t\u2019i hedhim nj\u00eb sy edhe disa prej ferman\u00ebve t\u00eb sulltan\u00ebve osman\u00eb dhe shohim se toleranca dhe harmonia ka rrjedhur nga nivelet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb pushtetit suprem mbret\u00ebror, deri tek shtresat e thjeshta t\u00eb popullit, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave qoft\u00eb edhe t\u00eb zakonshme, si ankime p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje pronash t\u00eb kishave, apo edhe t\u00eb individ\u00ebve t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb me besim t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm fetar nga sunduesit e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kufijt\u00eb e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nj\u00eb popullsi prej 40 milion\u00eb t\u00eb krishter\u00ebsh dhe vet\u00ebm 4 milion\u00eb mysliman\u00eb, ku 2 milion\u00eb prej tyre ishin shqiptar\u00eb, q\u00eb sundonin deri n\u00eb Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb si sadrazam\u00eb (kryeministra), vezir\u00eb, etj.<\/a><\/p>\n

Historia e shqiptar\u00ebve gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe, \u00ebsht\u00eb akoma e pastudiuar mir\u00eb, ferman\u00eb dhe regjistra t\u00eb shumt\u00eb gjenden t\u00eb pluhurosur n\u00eb arkivat shqiptare e shumica e tyre n\u00eb ato osmane n\u00eb Turqi. Por, meqen\u00ebse ata jan\u00eb trash\u00ebguar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn osmane (turqishtja e vjet\u00ebr), akoma s\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb studim i mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse u sugjerua dhe u b\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje shtet\u00ebrore midis dy ministrive t\u00eb arsimit, asaj shqiptare dhe turke para 10 vitesh (2005). Megjithat\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr me titull \u201cT\u00eb shkruash historin\u00eb me toleranc\u00eb\u201d, botuar n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb n\u00eb 2005, q\u00eb boton disa nga qindra fermane, duke dh\u00ebn\u00eb edhe fotografit\u00eb e origjinal\u00ebve me disa tregues t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr n\u00eb tre gjuh\u00eb: shqip, anglisht, turqisht. Megjith\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb histori komplekse, p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb shembujt e toleranc\u00ebs dhe burimin se nga ka rrjedhur mjafton t\u2019i hedhim nj\u00eb sy edhe disa prej ferman\u00ebve t\u00eb sulltan\u00ebve osman\u00eb dhe shohim se toleranca dhe harmonia ka rrjedhur nga nivelet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb pushtetit suprem mbret\u00ebror, deri tek shtresat e thjeshta t\u00eb popullit, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave qoft\u00eb edhe t\u00eb zakonshme, si ankime p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje pronash t\u00eb kishave, apo edhe t\u00eb individ\u00ebve t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb me besim t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm fetar nga sunduesit e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb.<\/a><\/p>\n

\"111-20150327_214914-1\"<\/a>N\u00eb vitin 1736 l\u00ebshohet nj\u00eb ferman ku sulltani urdh\u00ebron mosnd\u00ebrhyrjen n\u00eb ullisht\u00ebn e nj\u00eb t\u00eb krishteri.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"111-20150327_215050-1\"<\/a>N\u00eb vitin 1862 Fermani i Sulltanit lejon nd\u00ebrtimin e kish\u00ebs s\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Harallambit n\u00eb Kamen\u00eb t\u00eb Sarand\u00ebs.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1712 Fermani i Sulltanit mbi t\u00eb drejtat e zot\u00ebrimit t\u00eb pronave t\u00eb prift\u00ebrinjve t\u00eb Delvin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1680 Fermani i Sulltanit ndalon spahit\u00eb t\u2019u k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb taksa arbitrare prift\u00ebrinjve t\u00eb kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Delvin\u00ebs p\u00ebr pronat kishtare.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Fermanin e Sulltanit t\u00eb vitit 1587 urdh\u00ebrohet (t\u00eb ndihmohen) t\u00eb martohen vajzat jetime pa dallim feje.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1910 Fermani i Sulltanit urdh\u00ebron Kadiun e Delvin\u00ebs t\u00eb verifikoj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e nd\u00ebrhyrjes s\u00eb vojvod\u00ebve n\u00eb pronat e kish\u00ebs dhe n\u00ebse del se ankimi i prift\u00ebrinjve \u00ebsht\u00eb i drejt\u00eb, ndalohen nd\u00ebrhyrjet arbitrare t\u00eb vojvod\u00ebve.\u201cUn\u00eb k\u00ebshtu urdh\u00ebroj dhe k\u00ebshtu le t\u00eb b\u00ebhet\u201d,<\/em> firmoste Sulltani.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1853 Fermani i Sulltanit urdh\u00ebron prefektin dhe kadiun e Beratit q\u00eb t\u00eb njoh\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e k\u00ebrkuara nga Mitropoliti i Beratit.<\/p>\n

Me Ferman t\u00eb Sulltanit i jepen dy medalje Bib Dod Pash\u00ebs, ku e para n\u00eb 1897 p\u00ebr ndihmat q\u00eb ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00ebn prej 3.500 grosh\u00ebsh dhe e dyta n\u00eb vitin 1902 p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin q\u00eb ka b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e hekurudh\u00ebs Stamboll-Medine q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej nga haxhiler\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb 1856 Fermani i Sulltanit shkruan:<\/p>\n

\u201cMeqen\u00ebse katolik\u00ebt e Durr\u00ebsit nuk kan\u00eb nj\u00eb faltore dhe meq\u00eb jan\u00eb lutur t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kish\u00eb, jap lejen q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm, sepse k\u00ebshtu \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshira ime, q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt t\u00eb g\u00ebzojn\u00eb qet\u00ebsi t\u00eb plot\u00eb. Urdh\u00ebroj q\u00eb t\u00eb mos i b\u00ebhet asnj\u00eb ndalim e penges\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mos iu merret asnj\u00eb para. K\u00ebshtu le ta dini.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb ferman tjet\u00ebr sulltanor d\u00ebrguar priftit dhe kadiut t\u00eb Delvin\u00ebs, ndalohet marrja e taksave p\u00ebr pronat e kish\u00ebs n\u00eb Delvin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fermanin e vitit 1849 urdh\u00ebrohet rind\u00ebrtimi i kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Elbasanit, kurse n\u00eb vitin 1850 nd\u00ebrtimi i Katedrales s\u00eb Madhe t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitet 1854, 1860, 1868, 1886, 1906, 1911, 1912, jan\u00eb d\u00ebrguar disa ferman\u00eb drejtuar ipeshkvit dhe valiut t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, Patriarkan\u00ebs s\u00eb Stambollit, drejtuesve t\u00eb pushtetit vendor n\u00eb vilajetet shqiptare, konsullatave t\u00eb ndryshme, etj., n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat lejohet dhe urdh\u00ebrohet nd\u00ebrtimi, meremetimi dhe regjistrimi i kishave (t\u00eb paregjistruara) n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Durr\u00ebs, Prevez\u00eb, Rrashbull, Sh\u00ebnkoll\u00eb, n\u00eb bregun e Bun\u00ebs, Lluka\u00e7aj, Bajz\u00eb, Bushat, B\u00ebrdic\u00eb, Juban, Obot, Dhrovjan i Posht\u00ebm, Koshovic\u00eb, Lugar, Pej\u00eb, Prizren, Delvin\u00eb, Sarand\u00eb, Cetinj\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb, Elbasan, Kastrat, Oh\u00ebr, Pulaj, Rubik, Sh\u00ebngjin, t\u00eb nj\u00eb kishe rumune n\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00eb, manastiri i Cepos, ngritja e kambanores n\u00eb kish\u00ebn e Sh\u00ebn M\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00eb, P\u00ebrmet, etj. <\/a>N\u00eb vitin 1881 Sulltani me nj\u00eb ferman t\u00eb tij dekoron arqipeshkvin e Shkodr\u00ebs. Kurse me nj\u00eb ferman tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb vitit 1888, em\u00ebrohet Xhakomo Jungu si misionar apostolik n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, Preng Do\u00e7i si abat i Mirdit\u00ebs, si dhe Paskal Guezini arqipeshkv i Shkodr\u00ebs.<\/a><\/p>\n

Historian\u00ebt e perandoris\u00eb osmane v\u00ebrtetojn\u00eb se me ardhjen e Sulltan Fatihut n\u00eb Stamboll, u paraqit shembulli i toleranc\u00ebs islame. Ai menj\u00ebher\u00eb e rip\u00ebrt\u00ebriu patriarkan\u00ebn bizantine, i ktheu lirin\u00eb dhe pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb kish\u00ebs lindore.<\/p>\n

Fermani i Sulltan Fatihut mbi t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut shkruar m\u00eb 28 Maj 1463, n\u00eb Millodrazh, i cili llogaritet si nj\u00ebri nd\u00ebr dokumentet m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra mbi t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut, thot\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\u201cUn\u00eb Fatih Sulltan Han shpall para t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebs se fran\u00e7eskan\u00ebt e Bosnj\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt del ky Ferman, jan\u00eb n\u00ebn mbrojtjen time dhe urdh\u00ebroj:<\/em><\/p>\n

As njer\u00ebzit, emrat e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve shpallen k\u00ebtu, dhe as kishat e tyre t\u00eb mos shqet\u00ebsohen e t\u00eb mos d\u00ebmtohen. Le t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb paqe e t\u00eb qet\u00eb brenda Perandoris\u00eb sime. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta njer\u00ebz t\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje refugjati, le t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb dhe t\u00eb sigurt. Le t\u00eb kthehen ata n\u00eb \u00e7do pjes\u00eb t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb e t\u00eb vendosen e t\u00eb sistemohen pa frik\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr manastiret e tyre.<\/em><\/p>\n

Askush nga rrethi i nderuar i Padishahut, nga vezir\u00ebt dhe nga n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit e mi, nga sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor\u00ebt dhe qytetar\u00ebt e Perandoris\u00eb, nuk do t\u00eb cenoj\u00eb dinjitetin e k\u00ebtyre njer\u00ebzve dhe nuk do t\u2019i d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb ata. Askush t\u00eb mos cenoj\u00eb jet\u00ebn, pasurin\u00eb dhe kishat k\u00ebtyre njer\u00ebzve, t\u00eb mos i shoh\u00eb e trajtoj\u00eb keq dhe t\u00eb mos i rrezikoj\u00eb. Edhe n\u00ebse sjellin njer\u00ebz t\u00eb tyre nga nj\u00eb vend tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb shtetin tim, ata do t\u00eb g\u00ebzojn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat t\u00eb drejta.<\/em><\/p>\n

Duke shpallur k\u00ebt\u00eb ferman t\u00eb Padishahut, betohem n\u00eb Em\u00ebr t\u00eb All-llahut, (Krijuesit, Zotit t\u00eb tok\u00ebs e qiellit), t\u00eb d\u00ebrguarit t\u00eb All-llahut, Profetit ton\u00eb t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb, Muhamedit, e 124 mij\u00eb profet\u00ebve dhe n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb shpat\u00ebs q\u00eb kam ngjeshur n\u00eb brez, \u2013 se asnj\u00eb nga shtetasit e mi, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u2019u binden urdhrave e do t\u00eb mbesin besnik\u00eb t\u00eb mi, nuk do t\u00eb veprojn\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me \u00e7\u2019shkruhet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Ferman\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ja pra k\u00ebto ishin disa nga shembujt e toleranc\u00ebs nd\u00ebrfetare, q\u00eb mbizot\u00ebronte n\u00eb shtetin multietnik dhe multifetar osman, i cili p\u00ebr disa shekuj me radh\u00eb udh\u00ebhoqi pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tre kontinenteve, derisa edhe filluan l\u00ebvizjet mbi planin komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb XIX, toleranc\u00eb kjo, nga e cila p\u00ebrfituan edhe shqiptar\u00ebt, duke pasur poste ky\u00e7e dhe drejtuese n\u00eb organet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta zyrtare, si sadrazam\u00eb dhe vezir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a><\/span>. Zambaur, H., cituar nga Ferit Hafizi, Rrethimi i Shkodr\u00ebs-10 tetor 1912-22 prill 1913, Shkod\u00ebr, Camaj-Pipa, 2006: 133-134.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a><\/span>. Referencat: \u201cT\u00eb shkruash historin\u00eb me toleranc\u00eb\u201d, botuar nga TIKA, Tiran\u00eb 2005, f. 56, 71, 72, 74, 85, 103, 115, 127-9, 135, 176, 179, 251, 252, 253, 254-9, 261-2, 279, AQSH, F. 128, 131, 140, D. 3, 5, 6, 17, 50, 186, fl. 1, 55.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a><\/span> Korrespondenc\u00eb e valiut t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs me ipeshkvin dhe konsullin austro-hungarez, F. 132, D. 1, fl. 1-15; D. 8, fl. 59-65; D. 29, fl. 1; D. 2, fl. 55-61; D.21.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a><\/span> Italisht-Osmanisht, F. 64, 132, D. 3, 6, 7, 9, 23, 25; fl. 1-41.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Burimi: \/zaninalte.al\/<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dr. Genti Kruja: Abstrakt Historia, megjith\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb komplekse, p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar e par\u00eb shembujt e toleranc\u00ebs dhe burimin se nga ka rrjedhur mjafton t\u2019i hedhim nj\u00eb sy edhe disa prej…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3217"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3217"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3217\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3230,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3217\/revisions\/3230"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}