{"id":36525,"date":"2021-08-26T11:34:45","date_gmt":"2021-08-26T09:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shekulliagency.com\/?p=36525"},"modified":"2021-08-26T11:35:39","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T09:35:39","slug":"momenti-i-rrezikshem-i-tunizise-nje-vete-grusht-shteti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/?p=36525","title":{"rendered":"Momenti i rreziksh\u00ebm i Tunizis\u00eb, nj\u00eb vet\u00eb-grusht shteti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u00eb 25 korrik, presidenti i Tunizis\u00eb, Kais Sa\u00efed njoftoi se ka ngrir\u00eb parlamentin, ka shkarkuar kryeministrin dhe ka hequr imunitetin e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb parlamentit duke u thirrur n\u00eb nenin 80 t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs. Ky akt ishte episodi i fundit i vargut t\u00eb krizave me t\u00eb cilat vendi po p\u00ebrballej, shkruan (AA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Derisa presidenti Sa\u00efed dhe pasuesit e tij hodh\u00ebn posht\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur akuzat se ka kryer nj\u00eb “grusht shtet”, ata thon\u00eb se Kushtetuta e lejoi at\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb masa t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimi t\u00eb af\u00ebrt. \u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se hapi i Sa\u00efed-it nuk bazohet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb interpretim t\u00eb pasakt\u00eb t\u00eb nenit 80 t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs, por vendimet e tij fillestare pasqyrojn\u00eb librin pu\u00e7ist. Ai pezulloi parlamentin dhe mori t\u00eb gjitha kompetencat ekzekutive, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato t\u00eb prokuroris\u00eb publike dhe siguris\u00eb s\u00eb brendshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasuesit e Sa\u00efed-it kund\u00ebrshtojn\u00eb etiket\u00ebn “grusht shteti” sepse ishte tashm\u00eb kreu i shtetit dhe veprimet e tij ishin pa gjak. Nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim i till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb patetik sepse ajo q\u00eb komplotoi Sa\u00efed bie n\u00ebn kategorin\u00eb e “vet\u00eb-grushtit t\u00eb shtetit”, t\u00eb quajtur edhe “autopu\u00e7” (nga autogolpa spanjolle). Nj\u00eb vet\u00eb-grusht shteti, si\u00e7 shpjegon akademiku Charles Call, “kryhet nga kreu i qeveris\u00eb dhe jo nga oficer\u00ebt ushtarak\u00eb ose t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt kund\u00ebr atij shefi ekzekutiv”. N\u00eb fakt, vet\u00eb-grushti i shtetit i regjistruar n\u00eb historin\u00eb moderne u krye nga Napoleoni III n\u00eb vitin 1852. Me emrin e koduar “Operacioni Rubikon”, grushti i shtetit i Napoleonit III shp\u00ebrndau Asamblen\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare dhe i dha kompetenca diktatoriale kreut t\u00eb shtetit t\u00eb at\u00ebhersh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00c7far\u00eb m\u00eb tej?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazuar n\u00eb deklaratat e Sa\u00efed-it gjat\u00eb dy viteve t\u00eb fundit dhe veprimet q\u00eb ai nd\u00ebrmori q\u00eb nga 25 korriku, mund t\u00eb parashikohet trajektorja. Para s\u00eb gjithash, Sa\u00efed ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb kapur t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb. Ai do t\u00eb l\u00ebviz\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar Kushtetut\u00ebn, e cila ka qen\u00eb objektivi i tij q\u00eb nga dita e par\u00eb. Nd\u00ebr ndryshimet kryesore q\u00eb priten \u00ebsht\u00eb dob\u00ebsimi i kompetencave t\u00eb parlamentit dhe kontrollet dhe balancat p\u00ebrball\u00eb institucionit presidencial. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ligjet zgjedhore do t\u00eb rishikohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb asnj\u00eb parti t\u00eb mos dal\u00eb fituese e qart\u00eb nga k\u00ebto “zgjedhje”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duhet t\u00eb theksohet se Sa\u00efed nuk ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb partie politike m\u00eb par\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, ai nuk ka nj\u00eb platform\u00eb politike efektive p\u00ebr t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr vizionin e tij nga ideimi n\u00eb zbatim duke siguruar mb\u00ebshtetjen publike. Disa ekspert\u00eb spekuluan se ai s\u00eb shpejti do t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb partin\u00eb e tij, por kjo ka m\u00eb pak gjasa t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb. Sa\u00efed ka shprehur m\u00eb par\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimin e tij ndaj ides\u00eb s\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi politik t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb partit\u00eb politike si arkitektura e tij baz\u00eb. Ai gjithashtu ka shprehur mb\u00ebshtetjen e tij p\u00ebr nj\u00eb decentralizim t\u00eb plot\u00eb shtet\u00ebror p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb ideje t\u00eb majt\u00eb t\u00eb njohur si “k\u00ebshilliz\u00ebm”, e cila i b\u00ebn k\u00ebshillat vendor\u00eb shtyll\u00ebn themelore t\u00eb sistemit politik t\u00eb Tunizis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Mungesa e legjitimitetit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Derisa Sa\u00efed-it i mungon legjitimiteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, aft\u00ebsia e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb q\u00ebndruar n\u00eb pushtet varet nga dy rezultate: mb\u00ebshtetja per\u00ebndimore dhe ndihma nga boshti arab i autokracis\u00eb (Arabia Saudite, Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe dhe Egjipti). P\u00ebr t\u00eb qet\u00ebsuar t\u00eb par\u00ebn, Sa\u00efed ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb privatizoj\u00eb kompanit\u00eb komb\u00ebtare si Tunis Air, Sonede, STEG. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, sindikatat e fuqishme t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb luajtur nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb madh n\u00eb prishjen e reformave t\u00eb filluara q\u00eb nga revolucioni i vitit 2011, do t\u00eb kufizohen shum\u00eb. Hapa t\u00eb till\u00eb do t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb bekimin e Parisit dhe kryeqyteteve t\u00eb tjera per\u00ebndimore. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb kund\u00ebr korrupsionit ose ndonj\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrje t\u00eb lobeve t\u00eb fuqishme. Vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb muaj pas grushtit t\u00eb shtetit t\u00eb tij, Sa\u00efed mbylli selin\u00eb e Autoritetit Kund\u00ebr Korrupsionit dhe shkarkoi drejtorin e tij, i cili ofron indikacione t\u00eb forta p\u00ebr gj\u00ebrat q\u00eb do t\u00eb vijn\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr boshtin e autokracis\u00eb, Sa\u00efed tashm\u00eb e ka shtuar ofensiv\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb sharmit drejt Abu Dhabit, Rijadit, dhe Kajros. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, ai mbylli zyrat e Al Jazeera-s n\u00eb Tunizi, pasi rrjeti me baz\u00eb n\u00eb Katar mbetet nj\u00eb ngacmues i p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr autokrat\u00ebt n\u00eb rajon. Ai m\u00eb pas mbylli kufijt\u00eb me qeverin\u00eb legjitime t\u00eb Libis\u00eb n\u00eb Tripoli p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mosp\u00ebrputhjes s\u00eb saj me kryeqytetet arabe t\u00eb lartp\u00ebrmendura. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ai vendosi t\u00eb rishikoj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjen tregtare me Turqin\u00eb edhe pse ka deficite m\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme n\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb ngjashme me Kin\u00ebn dhe Italin\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, Sa\u00efed duket i fiksuar pas Ennahda -s, duke u p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb lidh\u00eb komplote imagjinare t\u00eb vrasjeve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb parti p\u00ebr ta ndaluar at\u00eb nga sfera politike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00c7far\u00eb pritet?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aktualisht, shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz n\u00eb Tunizi \u00ebnd\u00ebrrojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndryshim q\u00eb mund t\u00eb adresoj\u00eb pritjet themelore socio-ekonomike t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve. Eksperimentet Don-Kishotoske t\u00eb Sa\u00efed-it, megjithat\u00eb, nuk do t’i p\u00ebrmbushin ato pritshm\u00ebri. Ndon\u00ebse t\u00eb k\u00ebndshme n\u00eb let\u00ebr, eksperimentet e Sa\u00efed-it jan\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme, t\u00eb kushtueshme dhe t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar sepse nuk jan\u00eb provuar kurr\u00eb diku tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akoma m\u00eb keq, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe e literatur\u00ebs tregon se grushtet e shtetit \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri politike. P\u00ebr shembull, shkenc\u00ebtari politik Patrick McGo\u00eban, i cili hulumtoi pu\u00e7et q\u00eb ndodh\u00ebn n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb gjat\u00eb gjysm\u00eb shekulli, zbuloi se grusht shtetet e suksesshme, grusht shtete t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar dhe madje komplote grushti shteti d\u00ebmtuan shanset e stabilitetit. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, hulumtimi i Aristide Zolberg sugjeron se “grushtet e shtetit krijojn\u00eb grusht shtete t\u00eb tjera”. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, Bienen dhe Van De Walle pohojn\u00eb se udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit q\u00eb marrin pushtetin me grusht shteti kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb gjasa t\u00eb rr\u00ebzohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb grusht shteti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I par\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim, Sa\u00efed mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb “budallai i dobish\u00ebm” q\u00eb ka hapur kutin\u00eb antidemokratike t\u00eb Pandor\u00ebs, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar nj\u00eb grusht shteti tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb linj\u00eb pasi eksperimentet e tij kimerike t\u00eb d\u00ebshtojn\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm k\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb, nxit\u00ebsi ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb vinte nga aparati i siguris\u00eb: nj\u00eb bish\u00eb e fjetur q\u00eb Sa\u00efed e ka ushqyer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shkrimtari \u00ebsht\u00eb Menaxher n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn K\u00ebrkimore TRT World dhe autori i “Media n\u00eb Luft\u00eb: P\u00ebrplasja e Rrjeteve Per\u00ebndimore dhe Arabe n\u00eb Lindjen e Mesme”. Dr. Cherkaoui \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ekspert n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e komunikimeve strategjike.)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00eb 25 korrik, presidenti i Tunizis\u00eb, Kais Sa\u00efed njoftoi se ka ngrir\u00eb parlamentin, ka shkarkuar kryeministrin dhe ka hequr imunitetin e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb parlamentit duke u thirrur n\u00eb nenin 80…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36526,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinionanaliza"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36525"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36525"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36528,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36525\/revisions\/36528"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/36526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}