{"id":858,"date":"2015-07-15T19:05:43","date_gmt":"2015-07-15T18:05:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shekulliagency.com\/?p=858"},"modified":"2019-12-05T18:52:35","modified_gmt":"2019-12-05T17:52:35","slug":"ceshte-orientalistika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/?p=858","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7\u2019\u00cbSHT\u00cb ORIENTALISTIKA?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"arshitektur-orientale\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kur p\u00ebrmendim Orientalistik\u00ebn, ne kuptojm\u00eb nj\u00eb varg shkencash, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht disiplinash shkencore, t\u00eb cilat studiojn\u00eb kultur\u00ebn e popujve t\u00eb Lindjes (Orientit) \u2013 e kund\u00ebrta e Per\u00ebndimit (Oksidentit), si: gjuh\u00ebt, let\u00ebrsit\u00eb, arkeologjin\u00eb, historin\u00eb, artin, religjionin, qytet\u00ebrimin, traditat e tyre etj.
\nTek ne, zakonisht, mendohet, por jo me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, se Orientalistika \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm njohje e gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb Orientit (vendeve t\u00eb Azis\u00eb, Lindjes s\u00eb Mesme dhe t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs Veriore e Lindore).<\/p>\n

Orientalistika n\u00eb kuptim m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin: Sinologjin\u00eb, indiologjin\u00eb, iranologjin\u00eb, turkologjin\u00eb, asirologjin\u00eb, jamatologjin\u00eb, semitologjin\u00eb (ku b\u00ebn pjes\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e asirologjis\u00eb, hebreistik\u00ebn, arabologjin\u00eb dhe epitiopologjin\u00eb), hetitologjin\u00eb dhe azianologjin\u00eb, egjiptologjin\u00eb (k\u00ebtu hyn edhe kiptologjia), berberologjin\u00eb dhe hamitologjin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb semitologjis\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha disiplinat e tjera jan\u00eb zhvilluar n\u00eb shekullin 19.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb me \u201cOrientalistik\u00eb\u201d?<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb trojet shqiptare, me fjal\u00ebn \u201cOrientalistik\u00eb\u201d n\u00ebnkuptohet studimi i gjuh\u00ebs dhe kultur\u00ebs arabe, turke dhe pjes\u00ebrisht asaj perse dhe osmane. Sipas praktik\u00ebs s\u00eb deritanishme, ai q\u00eb ka studiuar k\u00ebt\u00eb l\u00ebmi quhet orientalist.<\/p>\n

Prandaj, me Orientalistik\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb studimin e gjuh\u00ebs arabe dhe turke, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb an\u00eb dhe studimin e pjes\u00ebrish\u00ebm t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs persiane dhe osmane, n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Orientalistika n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Interesimi i Evrop\u00ebs p\u00ebr Orientin \u00ebsht\u00eb i hersh\u00ebm. Jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb studime v\u00ebllimore p\u00ebr nj\u00eb varg problemesh, natyrash t\u00eb llojllojshme, nga fusha e Orientalistik\u00ebs, n\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, kurse katedra e par\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb p\u00ebr studimin e gjuh\u00ebs arabe \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e vitit 1250 n\u00eb Paris.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb von\u00eb, m\u00eb 1311 Papa Klementi V l\u00ebshoi dekretin p\u00ebr themelimin e katedr\u00ebs n\u00eb Universitetin e Rom\u00ebs, Parisit, Oksfordit, Bolonj\u00ebs dhe Salamank\u00ebs, ku do t\u00eb studiohej gjuha arabe, arameje dhe hebreje.
\nRezultat i k\u00ebtyre studimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb, pa m\u00ebdyshje, edhe p\u00ebrkthimi i \u2018Avest\u00ebs\u2019 n\u00eb fr\u00ebngjisht, m\u00eb 1771, gramatika e par\u00eb e gjuh\u00ebs kineze m\u00eb 1831 n\u00eb Paris, pastaj p\u00ebrkthimi i Kur\u2019anit q\u00eb nga viti 1543, 1641, 1782 etj. M\u00eb von\u00eb Kur\u2019ani p\u00ebrkthehet edhe n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn serbe, m\u00eb 1895 (Mi\u00e7o Lubibrati\u00e7), n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe m\u00eb 1920 (Hafiz Ali Kor\u00e7a), m\u00eb 1922 (I. Mitko Qafzezi) etj.<\/p>\n

Orientalistika n\u00eb trojet shqiptare<\/strong><\/p>\n

Studimi i Orientalistik\u00ebs n\u00eb trojet shqiptare ka nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, duke nisur me l\u00ebvrimin e komentimin e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb dhe dijeve orientale q\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin XVI-XVII deri te orientalist\u00ebt e rinj (n\u00eb shekullin XX) si Hafiz Ali Kor\u00e7a, Hafiz Ibrahim Dalliu, Ferid Vokopola, Sadik Bega, Sherif Putra, Vexhi Buharaja, Osman Myderrizi etj. Por, momentalisht, katedra e vetme p\u00ebr studimit t\u00eb Orientalistik\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e Prishtin\u00ebs n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e themeloi Dr. Hasan Kaleshi, n\u00eb vitin 1973 (Prof. Dr. Hasan Kaleshi 1922-1976). Shpresojm\u00eb q\u00eb kjo kated\u00ebr t\u00eb hapet s\u00eb shpejti edhe n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb.
\nKjo deg\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb rejat n\u00eb Fakultetin Filologjik t\u00eb Universitetit t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb themeluar n\u00eb vitin 1973 dhe studimet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb deg\u00eb kan\u00eb filluar n\u00eb dhjetor t\u00eb vitit 1973.<\/p>\n

Kjo, qysh n\u00eb fillim ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb deg\u00eb me dy l\u00ebnd\u00eb, ku studioheshin me planprogram t\u00eb barabart\u00eb gjuha arabe dhe ajo turke me let\u00ebrsit\u00eb e tyre.
\nProfesori i par\u00eb dhe themelues i k\u00ebsaj dege ishte Dr. Hasan Kaleshi, i cili nuk arriti t\u00eb p\u00ebrcillte as brezin e par\u00eb, sepse vdiq n\u00eb vitin 1976.
\nGjuha arabe dhe turke studiohen nga tet\u00eb semestra secila, kurse let\u00ebrsia arabe dhe turke vet\u00ebm kat\u00ebr semestra.<\/p>\n

Q\u00ebllimi i studimeve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb deg\u00eb k\u00ebrkon q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb k\u00ebshtu, sepse, k\u00ebtu n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiten kuadro p\u00ebr hulumtime shkencore, detyra e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kontribuojn\u00eb p\u00ebr studimin e historis\u00eb son\u00eb komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, ku dihet se administrata dhe literatura e burimet q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin asaj periudhe, k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb njohjen e t\u00eb dyja k\u00ebtyre gjuh\u00ebve, asaj arabe dhe turke, sepse gjuha turke n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar m\u00eb alfabetin arab t\u00eb modifikuar.<\/p>\n

Q\u00ebllimi \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur shum\u00eb pak, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mbylljes s\u00eb institucioneve shkencore ndaj k\u00ebtyre kuadrove.<\/p>\n

Me gjith\u00eb faktin se arkivat e Stambollit jan\u00eb fort pak t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuara dhe me gjith\u00eb deklarimet se duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb hulumtime n\u00eb ato arkiva p\u00ebr historin\u00eb ton\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, kuadrot e reja kan\u00eb mbetur q\u00eb t\u00eb orientohen m\u00eb tep\u00ebr n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e kultur\u00ebs, ekonomis\u00eb, sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb, ku gjithsesi kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb rezultate me interes shoq\u00ebror, por jo n\u00eb at\u00eb fush\u00eb ku \u00ebsht\u00eb pritur m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, Dega e Orientalistik\u00ebs, e kryen me sukses funksionin arsimor, pedagogjik, shkencor e kulturor.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu, deri n\u00eb vitin 2003, jan\u00eb diplomuar 140 student\u00eb, prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve afro 80 prej tyre jan\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, kurse t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt jan\u00eb boshnjak\u00eb, turq dhe serb\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Rezultatat e deritanishme t\u00eb Orientalistik\u00ebs n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nga rezultatet konkrete mund t\u00eb cekim ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht k\u00ebto:<\/p>\n

1. P\u00ebrkthimin e par\u00eb komplet t\u00eb Kur\u2019anit, nga Dr. Feti Mehdiu, n\u00eb vitin 1985;<\/em>
\n2. Tri libra t\u00eb Sami Frash\u00ebrit (Kamul al-a\u2019lam), t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyera nga osmanishtja;<\/em>
\n3. Disa romane e p\u00ebrmbledhje me poezi arabe;<\/em>
\n4. Doracak\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00ebsimin e gjuh\u00ebs arabe, turke etj;<\/em>
\n5. P\u00ebrkthimi i koleksioneve t\u00eb Buhariut, q\u00eb arrijn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr prej afro 30 titujsh t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm;<\/em>
\n6. Disa vepra p\u00ebr studimin e gjuh\u00ebve arabe, turke etj., si p.sh. Gjuha Arabe 1-2 p\u00ebr vitin e I dhe II), Gramatika e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme turke (P\u00ebr vitin e I dhe II), Gramatika e Gjuh\u00ebs Turke (P\u00ebr vitin e III dhe IV), Sintaksa e gjuh\u00ebs arabe, Sintaksa e gjuh\u00ebs turke, etj.<\/em>
\nPra, kjo m\u00eb s\u00eb miri d\u00ebshmon arsyeshm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe veprimtarin\u00eb konkrete t\u00eb Orientalistik\u00ebs shqiptare.<\/em><\/p>\n

Orientalistika shqiptare n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr historin\u00eb e popullit shqiptar, pa dyshim ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe edhe orientalistika shqiptare, e cila n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb studimeve t\u00eb saj kultivon edhe diplomacin\u00eb dhe paleografin\u00eb osmane. Administrata Osmane gjat\u00eb pes\u00eb shekujve sundimi n\u00eb k\u00ebto troje ka p\u00ebrcjell\u00eb dhe ka evidentuar t\u00eb t\u00ebra ngjarjet q\u00eb jan\u00eb zhvilluar te shqiptar\u00ebt dhe rreth tyre.<\/p>\n

T\u00ebr\u00eb ajo l\u00ebnd\u00eb q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me historin\u00eb e vendit ton\u00eb, posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht ajo arkivore, ndodhet n\u00eb arkivat e Turqis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, ato burime jan\u00eb t\u00eb shkruara me alfabet osman, t\u00eb cilin p\u00ebrve\u00e7 orientalist\u00ebve t\u00eb specializuar p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb, kuadrot e tjera nuk kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u2019i lexojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 burimeve arkivore, p\u00ebr historin\u00eb ton\u00eb kan\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb edhe onomastika, topografia, kronologjia, statistika, arti, epigrafia etj., q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin asaj periudhe. Por, asnj\u00ebra nga k\u00ebto disiplina nuk mund t\u00eb studiohet nga dijetar\u00ebt q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitje nga fusha e studimeve orientale, e kjo n\u00eb profilin e Orientalistik\u00ebs shqiptare n\u00ebnkupton studimin e gjuh\u00ebs arabe, alfabeti i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ishte baza e shkrimit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs turke n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn osmane deri n\u00eb vitet \u201920 t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb kaluar.<\/p>\n

Me nj\u00eb angazhim gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha strukturave shoq\u00ebrore dhe komb\u00ebtare mund t\u00eb arrihet orientimi dhe p\u00ebrgatitja e nevojshme e kuadrit p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs, e cila mund t\u00eb llogaritet edhe me ndihm\u00ebn e vendeve arabe dhe Turqis\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat shprehin gatishm\u00ebri p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb profesionale n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim n\u00eb forma t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n

Mbetet detyr\u00eb e kuadrove t\u00eb reja, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt sigurisht kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkrahje konkrete, q\u00eb t\u00eb thellojn\u00eb studimet nga fusha e Orientalistik\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer obligimet ndaj historis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, si nga aspekti i historis\u00eb politike, kulturore, ekonomike, ashtu dhe nga fusha e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndri\u00e7uar nj\u00eb varg figurash t\u00eb shquara letrare, por edhe p\u00ebr nevoja aktuale t\u00eb komunikimit t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb me nj\u00eb kultur\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, e cila i ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb kon-tribut t\u00eb \u00e7muar edhe let\u00ebrsive evropiane.<\/p>\n

Orientalistika shqiptare ka dallim t\u00eb madh nga Orientalistika evropiane. N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ka shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar mbi Orientalistik\u00ebn shqiptare, mbi lidhjet e saj me Orientin, mbetjet kulturore dhe arkeologjike t\u00eb mbetura n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, etj.<\/p>\n

Pra, kjo ishte arsyeja pse \u2018Qendra Shqiptare p\u00ebr Studime Orientale\u2019 \u2013 \u2018Albanian Center for Oriental Studies\u2019 mori k\u00ebt\u00eb iniciativ\u00eb p\u00ebr hapjen e revist\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri p\u00ebr studime orientale, duke shpresuar se studiuesit, historian\u00ebt, gjuh\u00ebtar\u00ebt, arkitekt\u00ebt, arkeolog\u00ebt etj., do t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb shum\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb n\u00eb revist\u00ebn ton\u00eb mbi studime t\u00eb ndryshme q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me Orientalistik\u00ebn n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, dhe me Orientalistik\u00ebn shqiptare n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kur p\u00ebrmendim Orientalistik\u00ebn, ne kuptojm\u00eb nj\u00eb varg shkencash, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht disiplinash shkencore, t\u00eb cilat studiojn\u00eb kultur\u00ebn e popujve t\u00eb Lindjes (Orientit) \u2013 e kund\u00ebrta e Per\u00ebndimit (Oksidentit), si: gjuh\u00ebt, let\u00ebrsit\u00eb, arkeologjin\u00eb,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":859,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/858"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=858"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30115,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/858\/revisions\/30115"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alb.shekulliagency.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}